Influence of mineral and organic fertilizers on yield and nitrogen efficiency of winter wheat

The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term (16-years) nitrogenefficiency after the application of organic and mineral fertilizers at two sitesLukavec (S1) and Suchdol (S2) with different soil and climatic conditions in theCzech Republic (Central Europe) and to determine grain yield and nitrogen contentwith regard to the requirements of protein content for baking quality of wheat.After the application of NPK treatment the highest average values from both sitesof grain yield (6.22 t ha-1), nitrogen content (2.01%) and nitrogen uptake (123.6kg ha-1) were determined, which means 78%, 26% and 121% increases comparedto the unfertilized treatment. At the less fertile S1, located on Cambisol, thesignificant effect of nitrogen fertilization on yield was observed. The yield of theNPK treatment was by 144% higher compared to the unfertilized Controltreatment. The limit of 11.5% of protein content for bakery wheat was not achievedfor any of treatments at S1, at S2 for unfertilized treatment and treatments withorganic fertilizers. Lower values of recovery efficiency of nitrogen and N inputoutput balance were found at S2 situated on Chernozem.